Here is a concise summary of the text:
**Title:** Adaptations of Mountain Goats
**Summary:**
* Mountain goats lack sharp teeth, claws, or toxic poison, but have adapted to escape predators through exceptional rock climbing abilities.
* Key adaptations include:
+ Flattened bodies for pressing against rocks
+ Developed pectoral muscles for controlled leg movement
+ Cloven hooves with suction cups for gripping stones
* They inhabit high-altitude regions (1,000-4,500m) with sparse vegetation, where few predators can follow.
* Goats risk life for essential salt, found in rocks, which aids brain function and bodily processes.
* Other notable behaviors and facts:
+ Impressive jumping ability (up to 3.5m)
+ Unique movement system, allowing them to recover from near-falls
+ Snow leopards, eagles, and bears are predators, but have limited success due to goats' agility and habitat.
+ Human activity and predation have minimal impact on their population; snow avalanches are a greater threat.
+ Some goat species, like Moroccan goats, also climb trees (e.g., the thorny "organe" tree) to feed on favorite fruits.
Here are the key facts extracted from the text, numbered and in short sentences, without opinions:
**Mountain Goats' Habitat and Physiology**
1. Mountain goats live at altitudes of 1,000 to 4,500 meters above sea level.
2. They inhabit harsh regions with mostly rocks and sparse vegetation.
3. Despite weighing up to 100 kg, they are skilled rock climbers.
**Physical Adaptations**
4. Mountain goats have a slightly flattened body from the sides, allowing them to press against rocks.
5. They possess developed pectoral muscles for controlling their legs.
6. Their cloven hooves can move apart strongly, grasping stones.
7. Hooves have suction cups with a soft pad in the central part, enabling them to stick to uneven surfaces.
8. The edges of their hooves are made of durable, strong tissue for maintaining contact with minimal rock protrusions.
**Behavior and Skills**
9. Mountain goats can walk on ledges as narrow as 10-20 centimeters.
10. They have a unique movement system, jumping further if they feel they cannot hold on.
11. Goats can climb down nearly vertical cliffs.
12. They can jump across crevices up to 3.5 meters in length, a skill shared by all herd members, including kids.
**Diet and Attraction to Salt**
13. Mountain goats seek out salt, essential for proper brain function and bodily processes.
14. They often visit specific stones or areas rich in salt for mineral refreshment.
**Predators and Threats**
15. Snow leopards are a primary predator, but they rarely succeed due to the goats' careful nature.
16. Bears are less successful hunters of mountain goats due to their slower speed.
17. Eagles can attack and carry away younger, smaller goats.
18. Snow avalanches claim more mountain goat lives than all predators combined.
**Unique Behavior (Moroccan Goats)**
19. Moroccan goats climb a thorny tree (Argania) to eat a mixture of its fruits.
20. The seeds from these fruits are used to produce argan oil after being processed in the goat's stomach.