The transcript discusses the changes brought about by the new spelling agreement in Portuguese language, highlighting how it aims to unify the writing system among Portuguese-speaking countries and avoid the language splitting into different dialects. The speaker explains historical aspects of the language, its evolution from Latin, and how it has been influenced by various cultures. Key changes in spelling rules, such as the removal of certain accents and inclusion of previously foreign letters into the alphabet, are also covered. The intent is to simplify and standardize Portuguese spelling across different regions.
Here are the key facts extracted from the text:
1. The Portuguese language originated from Latin, specifically from the Roman Empire.
2. Latin was spoken by the nobles and powerful scholars, while Vulgar Latin was spoken by commoners.
3. Vulgar Latin spread throughout Europe as Roman soldiers conquered various regions.
4. Vulgar Latin reached the Iberian Peninsula, which is now Spain and Portugal.
5. The Portuguese language developed from Vulgar Latin and mixed with local dialects.
6. The Portuguese language was influenced by other languages, including indigenous languages and African languages brought by slaves.
7. The Portuguese language has undergone several transformations over time, including changes in spelling and pronunciation.
8. The Portuguese language has different variations in different countries, including Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, and São Tomé and Príncipe.
9. In 1990, the Portuguese government introduced a new spelling agreement to standardize the language.
10. The new spelling agreement eliminated the use of the letters K, Y, and W in Portuguese words.
11. The agreement also changed the way some words were accented, including the use of umlauts.
12. The new spelling agreement was mandatory in Brazil and other Portuguese-speaking countries starting in 2016.
13. The agreement aimed to unify the Portuguese language across different countries and to make it easier to understand and write.
14. Some words that were previously accented no longer have accents, such as "lei" and "voo".
15. The pronunciation of some words has not changed, despite changes in spelling and accentuation.
16. The new spelling agreement has simplified the way some words are written, such as eliminating the use of circumflex accents.
17. The agreement has also changed the way some words are pronounced, such as the word "figura".
18. There are some exceptions to the new spelling agreement, including words that have a diphthong preceding a hiatus.
19. The new spelling agreement has been in force since 2006 and is mandatory for all students in Brazil.
20. Only 7% of Portuguese words have changed in Brazil due to the new spelling agreement.