The text is a transcript of a video about vitamin B12, its functions, sources, absorption, deficiency, and supplements. A possible concise summary is:
This video explains what vitamin B12 is, why it is important for the body, how it is obtained from food and absorbed in the intestine with the help of intrinsic factor, what are the symptoms and risks of vitamin B12 deficiency, which can affect people who do not eat animal products, take certain medications, or have stomach problems, and how vitamin B12 deficiency can be treated with oral or intramuscular supplements of different forms of cobalamin.
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1. Vitamin B12 is one of the vitamins in the B complex and has a cobalt atom in its structure, which is why it is also known as cobalamin.
2. Vitamin B12 is essential for maintaining brain functions, nervous tissue, blood formation, and energy production.
3. Vitamin B12 is mainly found in foods of animal origin, such as meat, eggs, milk, cheese, etc. Some plant foods may be fortified with vitamin B12 supplements.
4. Vitamin B12 needs to bind with a substance called intrinsic factor, which is produced in the stomach, to be absorbed in a part of the small intestine called the ileum.
5. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause anemia, neurological alterations, cognitive impairment, chronic diarrhea, taste loss, tongue inflammation, and other problems.
6. Vitamin B12 deficiency can be caused by lack of intake (such as in vegans), lack of intrinsic factor (such as in gastric surgery or pernicious anemia), or interference with absorption (such as by some medications like omeprazole or metformin).
7. Vitamin B12 deficiency can be diagnosed by a blood test and treated by oral or intramuscular supplements. The normal values \u200b\u200bof vitamin B12 in the blood are between 200 and 900 pg/mL.
8. There are four types of vitamin B12: cyanocobalamin, hydroxycobalamin, methylcobalamin, and adenosylcobalamin. The most common ones are cyanocobalamin and hydroxycobalamin. Hydroxycobalamin has better absorption and longer storage time than cyanocobalamin.
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