This is a summary of the transcript:
The transcript is about the remarkable longevity and immunity of bats, which are mammals that can fly and carry many viruses without getting sick. The speaker explains how bats have evolved to produce a lot of energy through their mitochondria, but also a lot of waste products that damage their DNA. However, bats have also developed mechanisms to repair their DNA and to prevent inflammation, which is the main cause of symptoms and diseases in other animals. Bats also have a high level of interferon alpha, a protein that blocks viral replication, but they do not eliminate the virus completely, which allows them to transmit it to other species. The speaker admits that the topic is complex and there are still many unknowns, but he finds it fascinating and important for human health. He provides some references and sources for further information.
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1. The oldest mammal that has ever been reported is a 211 year old bowhead whale.
2. Bats are a category of mammals that live much longer than expected and have a very low chance of getting cancer.
3. Bats have evolved to fly, which requires a lot of energy and produces a lot of waste materials that damage their DNA.
4. Bats have a control mechanism and DNA repair that is very efficient and prevents them from developing tumors.
5. Bats have a low inflammatory response to viral infections, but a high interferon alpha that blocks viral replication.
6. Bats can carry a lot of lethal viruses without getting sick, but they can also transmit them to other species.
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