This is a summary of the transcript:
The transcript is a narration of a video about the use of radioactivity in medicine, especially for treating prostate cancer. The narrator introduces various methods of radiation therapy, such as using radium, radioactive fluorine, linear accelerators, brachytherapy, and lutetium drugs. He explains the principles and procedures of each method, and shows how they work with the help of dosimeters and scanners. He also mentions the advantages and disadvantages of each method, such as their effectiveness, safety, and cost. He thanks the hospitals that helped him film the video, and invites the viewers to like and subscribe to his channel.
Here are some key facts extracted from the text:
1. Scientists in South Korea's Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) facility have managed to sustain a nuclear fusion reaction running at temperatures in excess of 100 million°C for 30 seconds for the first time.
2. The core of the Sun has a temperature of 15 million degrees kelvins, which is nearly seven times lower than the temperature achieved by the KSTAR experiment.
3. Radium chloride was used as a source of gamma radiation for treating some cancerous tumors in the first half of the 20th century, but it was later replaced by cheaper and more reliable radioactive sources.
4. Positron emission tomography (PET) uses a radioactive substance called fluorine deoxyglucose, which is similar to glucose but with one hydroxyl group replaced by radioactive fluorine 18, to scan the body for cancer cells.
5. Linear accelerators are devices that use electron guns and magnetrons to accelerate electrons and produce high-energy photons or gamma quanta, which are used to irradiate malignant tumors with precision and minimal damage to healthy tissues.
6. Brachytherapy is a method of radiation therapy that involves inserting radioactive seeds or capsules into the organ affected by cancer, such as iodine 125 or iridium 192, which emit soft or hard gamma radiation respectively.
7. Lutetium 177 is a radioactive isotope that can be attached to a molecule of a specific drug that can bind to cancer cells, such as dotat or pcma, and deliver targeted radiation to the tumor while sparing other cells.
8. Lutetium 177 has a short half-life of 6 days and is excreted from the body mainly through the kidneys, but it is very expensive and only one company has a license to sell it in the European Union and the USA.