The speaker begins by addressing the audience and explaining the purpose of the upcoming discussion. They emphasize the importance of understanding the essence of English grammar, rather than just studying it in parts. The speaker argues that textbooks often present grammar in a fragmented way, which can be overwhelming for learners.
The speaker then provides an analogy of an English-speaking individual who has a strict logic in their mind, distinguishing them from speakers of other languages. They explain that English is structured and follows certain laws in sentence construction. They contrast this with Russian, where the order of words in a sentence can vary.
The speaker then introduces three types of sentences in English: positive, negative, and question. They explain the structure of these sentences, emphasizing that the components cannot be swapped around. For example, in a negative sentence, the particle 'not' is added. In a question sentence, the helper comes first.
The speaker then moves on to discuss semantic verbs, which are the two legs of the English-speaking individual. They explain that there are four forms of verbs in English, and how they differ from the many variations of verb forms in Russian.
The speaker then talks about irregular verbs, which can change beyond recognition and therefore should be learned by heart. They provide examples of irregular verbs like 'go', 'went', 'gone'.
The speaker then discusses the concept of tenses in English, explaining that there are three: past, present, and future. They provide examples of how verbs change based on the tense, using the verb 'work' as an example.
The speaker then introduces the concept of helpers, which are used to express negation, question, and to determine the time of action and the characteristics of the action. They explain how these helpers help convey the attitude towards the action and how they help create "if" sentences.
Finally, the speaker discusses the three main types of utterances in English: active actions, passive actions, and state. They provide examples of each type. They emphasize the importance of practice and immersion in the English-speaking environment to master English grammar.
1. The speaker is going to explain the basics of English grammar in 20 minutes.
2. Textbooks often present grammar in sections, topics, and subtopics without giving a comprehensive picture.
3. The speaker believes that understanding the essence of grammar is crucial to mastering English.
4. The speaker draws an analogy of a little man with a strict logic in his head to explain English grammar.
5. The speaker contrasts English and Russian grammar, noting that English is structured and follows a certain law for constructing sentences.
6. There are three types of sentences in English: positive, negative, and question.
7. In positive sentences, the structure is: performer (who, what), helper (what is this, the speaker will explain later), semantic verb (what does it do?), then everything else according to the principle of "what, where, when".
8. In negative sentences, the structure is similar but includes a negative particle "not".
9. In question sentences, the helper comes first, followed by the performer and a semantic verb.
10. The speaker introduces the concept of semantic verbs, which are the two legs of the little man. Semantic verbs can be regular or irregular.
11. Regular verbs follow a certain rule in English, while irregular verbs can change beyond recognition and should be learned by heart.
12. The speaker introduces the concept of helpers, which are used to express negation, the question, and determine the time of action.
13. There are three tenses in English: past, present, and future.
14. The speaker explains how the present tense in English changes significantly thanks to the helpers and the form of the verb.
15. The speaker introduces the concept of "if" sentences, which are created using the helpers "would", "can", "must", "should", "would", and "could".
16. The speaker introduces the three main types of utterances in English: active actions, passive actions, and states.
17. The speaker emphasizes the importance of practicing English communication frequently to absorb the language.
18. The speaker invites the audience to their intensive English programs, promising to help systematize grammar knowledge, practice frequently used constructions, and improve English speaking skills.