The video discusses the intriguing and mysterious nature of black holes, the universe's largest collections of pure violent energy. It warns that if one comes too close, they could be devoured and their energy added to the black hole's collection, rendering it lost to us forever. However, it introduces a "Universe cheat code" that could power civilizations until the end of everything or construct the largest bomb in the universe.
The video explains that massive stars, upon dying, collapse under their own gravity into black holes. This process, known as a "foreign spin", results in the core of the star becoming very small while spinning faster and faster until it collapses into a black hole. This spinning black hole, spinning at inconceivably fast speeds, has an event horizon and a singularity at its core. The singularity is usually described as a single infinitely small point with no surface area, but since points can't rotate, a rotating singularity is a "ringularity", a ring with a thickness of zero and no surface spinning extremely fast, containing all the mass of the black hole.
The black hole spins so fast that it morphs space and time itself, creating a new and super weird region of space-time known as the ergosphere, which envelops the black hole. Inside the ergosphere, space and time are completely broken, but not entirely. The black hole transfers its own kinetic energy in the form of rotation to everything that enters the ergosphere.
The video then introduces the concept of the "black hole bomb", a theoretical method to extract energy from a black hole. This method involves sending a rocket into the ergosphere and making a trade with the black hole, giving it some mass and energy in exchange for some of its rotational energy. The rotational energy of the waves gives a much stronger boost than just pushing oneself forward, leaving the ergosphere with much more energy than one entered it.
The video concludes by emphasizing that even without any light, there are places we can go. It suggests that black holes might be the only sources of energy in the universe that life could harvest, and the last living being in existence might one day end its life around a black hole. Despite their mystery, there's a surprising amount we do know about black holes, and using maths, we can calculate things and come up with theories about how we die if we fall into them.
1. Black holes are the largest collections of pure violent energy in the universe.
2. If you come too close to a black hole, it will devour you and add your energy to its collection.
3. The energy is lost to us forever or it turns out there's a Universe cheat code a way of powering civilizations until the very death of everything or of constructing the largest bomb in the universe.
4. Black holes are spinning, and when ready, massive stars die and cause collapse under their own gravity into black holes.
5. This means something very big becomes very very tiny like the tiniest anything can be in this universe.
6. Stars are rotating and a fundamental property of our universe is that things that are spinning don't want to stop.
7. This angular momentum can't go away. A big thing that spins and becomes smaller spins faster so as the core of a star collapses its momentum makes it spin faster and faster and faster until it collapses into a black hole.
8. The black hole keeps on spinning inconceivably fast, some of them spend millions of times a second.
9. Why spinning black holes are special just like non-spinning black holes spinning black holes have an event horizon and a singularity at their core.
10. The Singularity is usually described as a single infinitely small point with no surface area but points can't rotate so a rotating Singularity can't be a point.
11. Instead, it's a ringularity, a ring with a thickness of zero and no surface spinning extremely fast containing all the mass of the black hole.
12. The black hole is spinning so fast that it morphs space and time itself, it literally drags space with it such as its power this creates a new and super weird region of space-time the ergosphere which envelops the black hole.
13. If space and time are completely broken inside the Event Horizon then they're only half broken inside the ergosphere.
14. Inside the ergosphere nothing makes sense it's possible to enter it and then leave it again but it's probably not a great experience.
15. The black hole transfers its own kinetic energy in the form of rotation to everything that enters the ergosphere.
16. The regularity makes you dance whether you want to or not you need to move faster than the speed of light just to stand still here which is impossible.
17. But here's our cheat code we can steal this energy and there's a lot of energy to steal.
18. The easiest way to steal this energy is oddly enough to drop something into the black hole.
19. In practice this means sending a rocket into the ergosphere and making a trade with a black hole we give it some mass energy and it gives us some of its rotational energy.
20. The black hole gives a tiny amount of its rotational energy to you and slows down a little.
21. Fortunately, black holes aren't picky eaters an advanced future civilization would probably Harvest asteroids to drop them into the black hole when they needed an energy boost.
22. But there's an even better way to get energy from a black hole and oddly enough it builds the biggest bomb any living thing could ever hope to build the black hole bomb.
23. We only need two things to build a black hole bomb afar spinning their coal and a big mirror.
24. The Mirror Has to completely envelop the black hole which is similar to a Dyson Sphere a mega structure that harvests the energy of an entire star.
25. If we made the mirror 10 centimeters thick the metal of a big asteroid would probably be enough material for a black hole with the mass of our sun.
26. Once our mirror is in place we only need to open a window and shoot electromagnetic waves of the black hole.
27. The waves hit the black hole at light speed a small proportion of the Waves Falls past the Event Horizon to disappear forever.
28. But a much larger amount sloshes through the ergosphere where the black hole forces some of its rotational energy on them and amplifies them they now begin super radiant scattering which are fancy science words meaning bouncing around between mirror and black hole and getting stronger every time they go around they are getting exponentially stronger.
29. By opening some windows in the mirror we can extract the energy from the waves as fast as they grow which we could use in theory to create what would be for all practical purposes an