The summary of the given text is as follows:
The text discusses the Earth's self-regulation function, which maintains optimal conditions for life. It warns that if this self-management collapses, catastrophic events could occur. For instance, a 1% increase in oxygen concentration could lead to a 70% increase in forest fires caused by lightning, and a rise in sea water salinity concentration to 6% could cause most marine life to become extinct.
The text also discusses the impact of global warming on sea ice, which is home to polar bears. It explains that as sea ice decreases due to global warming, the Earth's albedo (reflectivity of energy) decreases, leading to increased absorption of solar energy and warming of the Arctic Ocean. This process creates a vicious cycle where the Earth retains heat, contributing to global warming.
The text also delves into the topic of sea level. It explains that while melting of Arctic Ocean ice does lead to a rise in sea level, this is only an effect of the rise in water temperature. It also discusses the role of the jet stream in climate patterns, and how a weak jet stream can lead to extreme weather events.
The text further discusses the impact of melting ice on the living environment of humans. It mentions that the melting of Arctic ice could lead to increased erosion and a decrease in the survival and reproductive ability of polar bears. It also mentions a research prediction that if current greenhouse gas emissions are maintained, all ice will melt by September 2030.
The text concludes by emphasizing the need for active action to slow down the pace of climate change, and the potential benefits of reducing carbon emissions in the future. It also warns of the consequences of not taking action, likening it to being on a highway to climate hell.
1. The average temperature is 15 degrees.
2. The oxygen concentration in seawater is 21%.
3. The salinity of seawater is 3.4%.
4. The Earth has a self-management function that maintains optimal conditions for life.
5. If the Earth's self-management collapses, a catastrophe will occur.
6. A 1% increase in oxygen concentration can cause a 70% increase in forest fires caused by lightning.
7. A rise in sea water salinity to 6% can lead to the extinction of most marine life.
8. The sea ice where polar bears live increases in the winter and decreases in the summer, reaching the smallest size in September.
9. The reflectivity of energy is called albedo, and it can measure the stability of the Earth's climate.
10. When ice decreases due to global warming, it cannot be reflected and the absorbed solar energy increases the water temperature of the Arctic Ocean.
11. The warmed sea water forms ice again, which melts due to the decrease in ice.
12. The Earth is caught in a vicious loop, retaining heat.
13. The winter cold is getting worse due to the jet stream that raises the cold air to the top.
14. The jet stream gets stronger as the air difference between the North Pole and the mid-latitudes increases.
15. When the energy in the North Pole increases and the jet stream weakens, cold air comes down.
16. The melting of the Arctic Ocean ice means that the ocean temperature has increased.
17. When the water temperature rises, the sea water thermally expands, causing the sea level to rise to a certain extent.
18. The melting of the Arctic ice is related not only to polar bears but also to the living environment of humans.
19. The melting of the Arctic ice can lead to increased winds and waves, and increased erosion.
20. Polar bears aren't just losing their homes, but their DNA changes could lead to children disappearing from the face of the Earth.
21. If the diversity of sea ice decreases, not only their survival but also their reproductive ability can decrease and they may eventually become extinct.
22. The area of summer sea ice in the 2010s decreased by about 40% compared to the 1980s.
23. Greenhouse gases that cause warming are considered the main culprit in melting the Arctic ice.
24. If the current greenhouse gas emissions are maintained, all ice will melt by September 2030.
25. If emissions are not continued to increase as they are now, there will be almost no Arctic sea ice for three months from August to October in the 2060s.
26. If we go past proviso neutrality after the 2050s and go to a scenario where we can actually reduce carbon in the atmosphere, Arctic sea ice will definitely reappear in September.
27. UN Secretary-General Antonio Gutheus has warned to take active action now to slow down the pace of climate change.