The narrative describes a hypothetical journey through the Earth's layers, starting from the surface and progressively going deeper. It begins with the crust, which is compared to the skin of an apple, and is approximately 35 kilometers thick. It then moves into the mantle, which is the largest layer on Earth, composed of magma rock and representing 65 percent of the planet's mass.
The narrator notes the extreme conditions in the mantle, including high pressure and temperature, and mentions that this is where earthquakes originate. The transition to the outer core is marked by the change from liquid to solid metal, with the outer core being a "sunless sea" of super hot liquid metal.
The inner core is described as the hottest part of the Earth, composed of a dense ball of iron and nickel that reaches temperatures of 6,000 degrees Celsius. The narrator emphasizes that this is the same temperature as the surface of the sun. The inner core is also almost the size of the moon and makes up only 2% of the Earth's mass.
The narrator discusses the possibility of human survival in these conditions, stating that while it is currently not possible due to the extreme pressure and heat, future technological advancements could potentially allow humans to visit the core of the Earth. The narrator concludes with an invitation for viewers to share their thoughts on whether they would like to travel to the core of the Earth if such a journey becomes possible in the future.
1. The speaker is setting off on a journey to the core of the earth.
2. The center of the earth is about six thousand kilometers below the surface.
3. The layer the speaker is striving for now is the crust, described as something like the skin of an apple.
4. The crust is much thinner compared to the other layers that make up the planet.
5. Animals, including rabbits and earthworms, can dig tunnels up to 70 centimeters deep.
6. The crust is about 35 kilometers thick and is made up of basalt rocks at the bottom of the sea and granite rocks that make up the continents.
7. The oceanic crust and the continental crust are distinct and have different characteristics.
8. The oldest rock found is 4 billion years old and was found on the coast of Hudson Bay in Canada.
9. The continental crust is about 2 billion years old.
10. The speaker is penetrating the continental crust and highlights two important things about it.
11. The speaker mentions a deepest point where the ground is called permafrost, which is the layer of permanently frozen soil.
12. The earth's crust serves as an electric blanket that covers the mantle, which is rich in radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium, and potassium.
13. The speaker mentions the deepest point in the pacific ocean, the Mariana Trench, and the border between the crust and the mantle.
14. The mantle is the largest layer on earth, is made of magma rock, and represents 65 percent of the planet's mass.
15. The mantle is in constant motion and is composed of four elements: oxygen, silicon, magnesium, and iron.
16. The speaker mentions the outer core, which is a sunless sea of super hot liquid metal the size of mars.
17. The speaker mentions the inner core, which is the hottest interior part of the planet and is an extremely dense solid ball made of 80 percent iron and 20% nickel.
18. The inner core is almost the size of the moon and makes up 2% of the earth's mass.
19. The inner core is kept solid thanks to the super high pressure which is a million times greater than on the surface of the planet.
20. The speaker mentions that the inner core is relatively young, probably between 500 million and 1 billion years old.
21. The speaker concludes the journey at a depth of 6,003.7 kilometers, which is the center of the earth.
22. The speaker mentions that it is not currently possible to travel to the core of the earth due to the extreme pressure and heat, but if a tunnel with necessary protection is built, it would only take 18 minutes to get there.