This detailed summary covers the events leading up to, during, and after World War I. It discusses the factors that triggered the war, the alliances formed, the phases of the conflict (movement phase and trench warfare), the impact of technology and inventions, the involvement of various countries, the Treaty of Versailles and its consequences, the League of Nations, and the advances in medicine, psychology, and the suffrage movement resulting from the war.
1. The First World War took place between 1914 and 1918.
2. The conflicts that led to the war began to be fought long before 1914.
3. Between the last decades of the 19th century and the beginning of the First World War, Europe was experiencing the so-called Belle Époque.
4. Europe was experiencing great scientific discoveries and great euphoria with technology.
5. The symbol of the Belle Époque was the city of Paris.
6. At that time, electrical energy was a big thing in Paris.
7. The First World War ended the feeling of enlightenment, happiness and prosperity that existed in Europe during the Belle Époque.
8. Despite the "peace" and prosperity, some conflicts were being fought underneath.
9. The first reason for the First World War was the great imperialist dispute between European countries.
10. European countries were fighting over territories in Africa and Asia.
11. The unification of Germany was also an important factor, as it broke the "balance" that existed in Europe.
12. Exaggerated nationalism was a big problem at that time.
13. The most important countries in the First World War were in the West.
14. The real conflict was emerging in the Balkan region.
15. Many organizations used very patriotic and emotional speeches to make this appeal to the population.
16. The Balkan region had a lot of conflict, because of the exaggerated nationalism that the different peoples were cultivating there.
17. The main reason for the First War was rivalries between countries.
18. Germany had beef with everyone, it was fighting with the whole of Europe.
19. Germany was very quarrelsome with France.
20. Germany also harbored enmity with England.
21. Another big problem was exaggerated nationalism.
22. Countries began to make agreements and form alliances.
23. Germany was the enemy of France and England.
24. Russia was an enemy of Austria-Hungary and the Turkish-Ottoman Empire.
25. Germany joined Austria-Hungary and Italy, which later switched sides, and formed the Triple Alliance.
26. France, England and Russia joined the other side and formed the Triple Entente.
27. Russia was a friend of Serbia, because they both wanted pan-Slavism.
28. In view of these enmities, countries began to arm themselves.
29. Countries began to prepare for this conflict.
30. War was declared around August 1914.
31. The First War had two phases: the movement phase and the trench warfare.
32. The war ended up lasting four years.
33. The soldiers lived in a very degrading situation, because there was often a lack of food.
34. The war was also very traumatic precisely because of the development of technology that happened before.
35. The war had more than 10 million dead, hundreds injured and maimed.
36. Italy started the war neutrally, without participation.
37. The First World War greatly affected Brazil's economy, because it greatly reduced coffee sales and imports.
38. In 1917, Russia made the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in secret with Germany.
39. The second important thing about 1917 was the US entry into the war.
40. In 1918, the First War ended, both because Germany suffered many defeats in battles.
41. The Treaty of Versailles defined Germany as the sole and total culprit for the war.
42. The Treaty of Versailles made everything worse and was the main cause of World War II.
43. The Treaty of Versailles defined that Germany could not have an army larger than 100 thousand soldiers.
44. The Treaty of Versailles took away all German colonies in Africa and Asia.
45. The Treaty of Versailles gave a lot of Germany's land to other countries.
46. The Treaty of Versailles returned Alsace-Lorraine to France.
47. The Treaty of Versailles cut off Germany's territory, creating the Polish Corridor.
48. The Treaty of Versailles took away almost all the coal and iron mines from Germany.
49. The Treaty of Versa