Here is a concise summary of the text:
**5 Surprising Effects of Extreme Conditions on the Human Body**
1. **Prolonged Submersion in Water**: Staying underwater for extended periods (e.g., 10 days) can cause extreme wrinkling, as seen in a record holder who spent 240 hours in a water tank.
2. **Extreme Cold**: Exposure to extremely low temperatures can lead to hypothermia, causing the body to slow down, potentially resulting in death.
3. **Space Travel**: In microgravity, the brain can shift upward, causing discomfort, vision disturbances, and head pressure. Additionally, space radiation can lead to genetic mutations, increased aging, and health risks.
4. **Air Travel**: Frequent flying can cause hearing loss and ear problems due to pressure changes. Moreover, cabin pressure and noise can reduce taste bud sensitivity by 30% during flights, potentially becoming a permanent issue for crew members.
5. **Lack of Sunlight (e.g., underwater or in quarantine)**: Insufficient sunlight can lead to vitamin D deficiency, causing increased susceptibility to illnesses, infections, fatigue, depression, hair loss, teeth problems, and fractures.
Here are the key facts extracted from the text, numbered and in short sentences:
**Underwater**
1. **Pingarrón holds the record for the longest time underwater (240 hours in 2002).**
2. **Prolonged underwater exposure can cause extreme wrinkling of the skin.**
3. **Even with diving gloves, hands can still severely wrinkle after extended underwater stays.**
**Extreme Cold**
4. **Hypothermia occurs when the body's temperature drops too low, posing a significant danger.**
5. **Initial responses to extreme cold include spasms or chills to warm up.**
6. **If unsuccessful, the body slows down to conserve heat, affecting mind, heart, and eventually leading to potential death.**
**Extreme Heat**
7. **High temperatures can cause intense headaches, nausea, increased heart rate, and red skin.**
8. **Severe heat exposure can lead to hallucinations, loss of consciousness, and even death.**
**Space**
9. **In space, the brain can shift upward due to the movement of protective fluid in the skull.**
10. **This phenomenon may explain the discomfort, head pressure, and vision disturbances felt by astronauts.**
11. **Space travel exposes individuals to extreme conditions, including radiation.**
12. **Exposure to space radiation can lead to genetic mutations, bone density loss, and changes in intestinal flora and gene activity.**
13. **Cosmic rays can cause DNA breaks, potentially leading to faster aging, cardiovascular disease, and chromosomal abnormalities like cancer.**
**Air Travel**
14. **Frequent air travel can lead to hearing loss, which may be permanent in some cases.**
15. **The pressure change during flights can cause temporary loss of taste (up to 30% of taste buds are affected).**
16. **This effect is more pronounced and potentially permanent for frequent flyers, like crew members.**
**Vitamin D**
17. **Vitamin D is not produced by the body when underwater, as sunlight is required for its production.**
18. **Prolonged lack of vitamin D can lead to increased sickness, infections, fatigue, depression, hair loss, teeth issues, and fractures.**