Here is a concise summary of the text:
**Exploring the Deepest Point on Earth**
* The concept of the "deepest point on Earth" is nuanced, depending on whether you consider natural or man-made depths, and how you measure it.
* Various contenders for deepest points:
1. **Lowest exposed point on land**: Dead Sea shores (432.65m below sea level)
2. **Deepest cave**: Veryovkina Cave, Abkhazia (2,212m below surface)
3. **Deepest canyon**: Denman Canyon, Antarctica (3,500m below sea level, but inaccessible due to ice)
4. **Deepest mine**: Mponeng Gold Mine, South Africa (currently ~4km below surface)
* **Deepest natural point on Earth**: Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench (approximately 10,920m below sea level)
* **Deepest point on Earth (man-made)**: Kola Superdeep Borehole, Russia (12,262m deep, drilled over 20 years)
Here are the extracted key facts, each with a number and in short sentences, excluding opinions:
**Geography and Natural Wonders**
1. The Dead Sea is located between Israel, Palestine's West Bank, and Jordan.
2. The Dead Sea is approximately 80 km from the Mediterranean Sea.
3. The Dead Sea has an elevation of 432.65 meters (1,419 feet) below sea level.
4. The Dead Sea's surface level is dropping by over 1 meter (3 feet) each year.
5. Abkhazia (autonomous region of Georgia) is home to the four deepest caves on Earth.
6. The Veryovkina Cave in Abkhazia is the lowest naturally-occurring point underground, at 2,212 meters (7,257 feet) deep.
7. A canyon in eastern Antarctica reaches a depth of approximately 3,500 meters (11,500 feet) below sea level.
8. The Mariana Trench is located in the southern end of the ocean floor, stretching over 2,500 km (1,553 miles) long and 69 km (43 miles) wide.
**Mariana Trench and Challenger Deep**
9. HMS Challenger first recorded the depth of the Mariana Trench in 1875, measuring 8,184 meters (26,850 feet).
10. HMS Challenger II recorded a maximum depth of 10,863 meters (35,640 feet) in the same area.
11. The first descent to the Challenger Deep's sea floor was completed in 1960 by two oceanographers.
12. The exact depth of the Challenger Deep varies, with the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans stating 10,920 meters (35,827 feet) as the maximum depth.
**Human-Made Deep Excavations**
13. The Mponeng Gold Mine in South Africa is the world's deepest mine, currently at approximately 4 kilometers (2.5 miles) below the surface.
14. The Kola Superdeep Borehole, drilled by the Soviets, reached a depth of 12,262 meters (40,230 feet) below the surface.
15. The Kola Superdeep Borehole's drilling was halted in the early 1990s due to high temperatures (up to 180°C or 356°F).
16. The Kola Superdeep Borehole remains the deepest point on Earth ever reached, approximately 12.2 kilometers (7.5 miles) deep.