The video features Doctor Amina discussing melasma, a type of pigmentation disorder. She explains that melasma is often associated with increased melanin synthesis caused by factors such as poor blood circulation, hypoxia, and inflammation. Doctor Amina advises against using aggressive cosmetic procedures like laser resurfacing, dermabrasion, and injections to treat melasma, as they can stimulate the synthesis of vascular growth factor and worsen the condition.
Instead, she recommends using systemic drugs like niacinamide, licorice root extract, and vitamin D to improve microcirculation and combat tissue hypoxia. She also suggests using external treatments like tacrolimus, triolan, and tranexamic acid to reduce inflammation and pigmentation.
Doctor Amina categorizes external treatments into two groups: those that can be used during the progressive stage of melasma (e.g., hydroquinone, azelaic acid) and those that are best used to destroy old pigment and its metabolic product (e.g., glycolic acid, lignin peroxidase). She also recommends using sunscreen with SPF 50 during the active sun period and emphasizes the importance of physical protective factors in skincare products.
Throughout the video, Doctor Amina emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to treating melasma, including addressing underlying causes and using a combination of systemic and external treatments.
Here are the key facts extracted from the text:
1. The speaker, Doctor Amina, discusses a condition called "honey" or "melasma", a type of pigmentation disorder.
2. The condition is characterized by an increase in melanin synthesis by melanocytes, leading to a brown pigmentation.
3. The speaker attributes the condition to an increase in vascular growth factor, which stimulates melanin synthesis.
4. Poor blood circulation, hypoxia, and inflammation are cited as main reasons for the development of melasma.
5. The condition can develop after sunburn, while taking hormonal contraceptives, during pregnancy, and in cases of endocrine disorders.
6. Doctor Amina recommends systemic drugs such as niacinamide, licorice derivatives, and vitamin D to improve microcirculation and combat tissue hypoxia.
7. She also suggests physical education as a free and effective way to improve microcirculation.
8. In the USA and Canada, tranexamic acid is used to treat melasma, but it has a large number of side effects and contraindications.
9. The speaker divides external remedies into two groups: those that can be used at the stage of active pigment formation, and those that can be used at the stationary or regression stage.
10. She recommends substances such as tacrolimus, pimecrolimus, and triolan rings for their anti-inflammatory effects.
11. Hydroquinone is mentioned as a popular but controversial drug for treating melasma, with a risk of pigmentation and contact dermatitis.
12. Arbutin is presented as a safer alternative to hydroquinone, derived from bearberry.
13. Ascorbic acid is mentioned as an inhibitor of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in melanin synthesis.
14. The speaker discusses the use of retinoids, glycolic acid, and lignin peroxidase as external agents for treating melasma.
15. She recommends using a cream with SPF 50 and physical protective factors to prevent hyperpigmentation during the active sun period.