The video explains the physics behind airbags in cars and how they inflate in a fraction of a second to protect drivers and passengers in the event of a collision.
When a car collides with an object, it takes less than 50 milliseconds for the driver's head to hit the steering wheel. To prevent this, airbags must detect the collision and inflate in less than 50 milliseconds. In reality, airbags typically inflate in around 20-30 milliseconds, which is five times faster than the blink of an eye.
The video explains the science behind airbag inflation, including the use of sodium azide, a solid propellant that rapidly expands to produce nitrogen gas. This gas inflates the airbag, which is designed to slow down the driver's head and reduce the force of the impact.
The video also highlights the importance of wearing a seatbelt, which reduces the force of the impact and gives the airbag more time to deploy. When used together, airbags and seatbelts can reduce mortality in frontal collisions by up to 80%.
Here are the key facts extracted from the text:
1. In a collision, it takes less than 50 milliseconds for the driver to hit the steering wheel with their head.
2. The airbag must detect the collision in less than 50 milliseconds.
3. The airbag generally detects the collision in 30 milliseconds.
4. The airbag is fully inflated in 57 milliseconds.
5. The driver comes into contact with the airbag after 90 milliseconds.
6. The driver reaches maximum immersion in the airbag after 200 milliseconds.
7. The accident is over and the driver is back in their original position after 400 milliseconds.
8. The distance from the driver's head to the steering wheel is approximately 39 centimeters.
9. After inflation, the airbag occupies a space of 26 centimeters.
10. The driver makes contact with the airbag after a displacement of 13 centimeters.
11. Safety testing standards for impacts are carried out at a speed of 64 kilometers per hour.
12. The car colliding with a fixed obstacle represents a collision between two vehicles in which each one travels 55 kilometers per hour.
13. The speed of 64 kilometers per hour is equivalent to 15.28 meters per second.
14. It takes approximately 8 thousand seconds for the driver's head to reach the already inflated airbag.
15. The airbag inflates in 20 milliseconds, five times faster than the blink of an eye.
16. The airbag is inflated by the explosion of a solid component that produces a gas that expands.
17. The airbag contains 130 grams of sodium azide, which produces 67 liters of gas.
18. The airbag is made of nylon or polyamide and inflates at a speed of 250 to 400 kilometers per hour.
19. The airbag is designed to work together with the seat belt.
20. The seat belt reduces the speed at which the driver and passenger are thrown forward, giving more time for the airbag to deploy.
21. The airbag reduces mortality in frontal collisions by up to 63 percent.
22. When used together with the seat belt, mortality is reduced by up to 80 percent.
23. All cars manufactured in Brazil since 2014 are required to have airbags and ABS brakes.