The Alhambra is a medieval fortress-palace in Granada, Spain, built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Nasrid dynasty. The complex is divided into three parts: the Alcazaba, the fortress and military barracks; the residential and public area, which includes the royal palaces and gardens; and the Palacio Nazarí, the main reason for visiting the Alhambra. The palaces are adorned with intricate Islamic architecture, including plasterwork, geometric patterns, and calligraphy. The complex features several courtyards, including the Patio de los Arrayanes and the Patio de los Leones, which showcase the integration of water and nature into the architecture. The Alhambra also features stunning views of the city of Granada and the surrounding landscape. The nearby Generalife is a rustic residence with beautiful gardens and water features. The Palace of Carlos V, built in the 16th century, is a Renaissance-style structure that complements the Islamic architecture of the Alhambra. The Alhambra is considered one of the most important and well-preserved examples of medieval Islamic architecture.
Here are the key facts extracted from the text:
1. The Alhambra is a fortress-palace located in Granada, Spain, in the region of Andalusia.
2. The Alhambra was built in the 13th and 14th centuries by the Nasrid dynasty.
3. The Alhambra was the last city on the Iberian Peninsula dominated by Muslims before their expulsion in 1492.
4. The complex is divided into three parts: the Alcazaba, the Nasrid Palaces, and the Generalife.
5. The Alcazaba is the oldest part of the Alhambra and was built as a fortification system.
6. The Alcazaba has a triangular configuration with a wall and three watchtowers.
7. The Nasrid Palaces were the residence of the emirs, the Muslim rulers of Granada.
8. The Nasrid Palaces feature a series of apartments, halls, and patios with arcades, fountains, and gardens.
9. The palaces are decorated with intricate plasterwork, precious stones, and glazed tiles.
10. The Alhambra is surrounded by a wall and has several watchtowers, including the Torre de la Vela.
11. The complex has a sophisticated system of water channels and fountains.
12. The Alhambra was built on a steep hill, which allows for spectacular views of the city.
13. The Alhambra is an example of Islamic architecture, which emphasizes the integration of nature and architecture.
14. The Generalife is a rustic residence located on an adjoining hill, which features rectangular garden courtyards and decorated pavilions.
15. The Palace of Carlos V was built in 1527 by the architect Pedro Machuca, a disciple of Michelangelo.
16. The Palace of Carlos V is a square building with a circular courtyard and features a mix of Renaissance and Islamic architectural styles.
17. The Alhambra is one of the most important and spectacular architectural ensembles of medieval Islamic architecture and is well-preserved.