The text discusses various unique defense mechanisms used by animals to protect themselves from predators. These include:
* Ants using formic acid as a weapon to deter predators
* Horned lizards shooting blood from their eyes to confuse and deter predators
* Sardines forming "bait balls" to confuse predators and reduce the likelihood of being eaten
* Plovers using a "broken wing" display to distract predators and protect their young
* A species of spider that can roll into a ball and move quickly to escape predators
* Nemertines, a type of worm, that can release a paralyzing slime to capture prey and defend against predators
* A species of crab that uses a symbiotic relationship with a type of anemone to defend itself
* Electric eels that use electric shocks to stun predators and prey
* Japanese bees that use a "heat ball" defense to kill hornets that threaten their hive.
These defense mechanisms are often unique and creative, and have evolved to help these animals survive in their environments.
Here are the key facts extracted from the text:
1. Ants can shoot formic acid as a defense mechanism.
2. The abdomen of the red ant contains a poison gland that releases acid.
3. The acid is stored in a reservoir until needed and can be shot out through a hole near the tip of the ant's abdomen.
4. Horned lizards can shoot their own blood from the corners of their eyes as a defense mechanism.
5. The blood is shot out at a distance of up to 5 meters.
6. Horned lizards can also puff up to look bigger and more impressive as a defense mechanism.
7. Sardines form a "bait ball" as a defense mechanism when threatened by predators.
8. The bait ball is a spherical school of fish that can be up to 20 meters in diameter and can last for up to 10 minutes.
9. Swordfish attack the schools at high speed to kill or stun their prey.
10. Whales use their mouths to catch the bait ball.
11. The fever nus rechenberg spider is the only spider that flees from its enemies.
12. The Moroccan spider can roll up and down hills at a speed of 2 meters per second.
13. Nemertines are a type of worm that can spit out a white, thread-like structure as a defense mechanism.
14. The structure is actually an internal organ that is used for hunting and defense.
15. The libya crab has claws that are too delicate to catch prey, so it uses special pincers to defend itself.
16. The pincers are actually the bodies of other animals that the crab has formed a mutualistic relationship with.
17. Electric eels can stun their enemies and prey with electric shocks of up to 600 volts.
18. The eels have special organs that produce electrical discharges.
19. The organs occupy two-thirds of the eel's body weight.
20. Japanese bees can defend themselves against hornets by forming a ball of bees around the enemy and heating the air around it to a temperature that the hornet cannot withstand.
21. The bees can withstand temperatures of up to 50 degrees Celsius, while the hornet can only withstand temperatures of up to 44-46 degrees Celsius.